

Curious to visit a "Cotton Castle" located amdist cascading mountains and lush greenery? This fantastical sounding place really does exist. Pamukkale, a site of natural wonders is located in the south-western part of Turkey, near the Denizli province. For as long as I can remember, the description of this cotton castle with its naturally formed hot springs and white terraces has peaked my curiosity.
In Turkish, the name Pamukkale means "cotton castle" and this site is justly named so because of the uniquely white geological formations that occur on this plateau. Situated in the valley of the Menderes River, the tectonic movements that took place in the basin resulted in frequent earthquakes which caused the emergence of a number of hot springs in the area. Apparently,one of these hot springs, with its large mineral content (chalk in particular) gave rise to Pamukkale. The calcium-oxide rich waters flowing down the slopes of the surrounding mountains collects on this plateau and over the millennia, have built up deposits of white travertine and limestone -- thus giving the site a pristine, white, cloud-like appearance.

It is said that every second, 250 liters of hot water arises from this spring, precipitating 2.20 grams of chalk per liter of water or 0.55 kilograms of chalk every second. In the course of time some sources dried up because of earthquakes, while new ones arose in the neighborhood. The thick layers of limestone cascading down the mountain slopes is said to make it look like a frozen waterfall.

One type of these formations consists of crescent-shaped travertine terraces with a shallow layer of water, lying in a step-like arrangement down the upper one-third of the slope, with the steps ranging from 1m to 6 meters in height and another form consists of stalactites propping up and connecting these terraces.The water comes from the hot springs and spills over into the marvelous white terraces to form shallow pools and tourists used to be allowed to bathe in this water. According to ancient Roman and Greek mythology, the water from the springs in this area had medicinal qualities (the ancient city of Hierapolis, meaning Holy City, was built on this site).
Curiosity will get the better of me some day and send me to Pamukkale, Turkey to not only enjoy this natural phenomenon, but also learn about its rich history.
--Preethi Chethan

































